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Necessity of integrated methodology for hazard mitigation of quake lakes: case study of the Wenchuan

Xudong FU, Fan LIU, Guangqian WANG, Wenjie XU, Jianxin ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 1-10 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0099-5

摘要： The massive 8.0-magnitude Wenchuan Earthquake triggered huge landslides, avalanches, and debris flows that blocked rivers and created 34 important quake lakes, including the Tangjiashan Quake Lake on the Tongkou River. More than half of these lakes were identified to be of moderate or high hazard levels, so activities needed to be undertaken for hazard mitigation of potential flooding. This paper presents the mitigation processes of quake lake hazards, which involve various techniques such as rapid hazard analysis, scenario-based mitigation planning, and real-time forecasting of outburst flooding for implementation actions. The shortage of hydrologic and geological data and the nature of emergency situations raise substantial challenges in the hazard mitigation of quake lakes. This paper suggests a potential approach in dealing with quake lake hazards, which integrates the automatic monitoring network, hydrologic models, and hydrodynamic models with a comprehensive indicator for hazard levels. The necessity of improving the integrated methodology is highlighted.

关键词： quake lake     hazard mitigation     dam failure     emergency     Tangjiashan    

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Organophosphate esters in sediment from Taihu Lake, China: Bridging the gap between riverine sourcesand lake sinks

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1464-9

摘要：

• Eleven OPEs were detected in river sediment and lake sediment in Taihu Lake.

关键词： Organophosphate esters     Partition     Vertical distribution     Composition profile     Positive matrix factorization    

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破坏性地震是可以预测的——孕震物理模型及临震信号

孙威

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第7期   页码 7-17

摘要：

讨论地震前兆有它自已的孕震物理模型，地震孕育全过程分为加载、相持、卸载、短临和临震５个阶段；多次震例证明，破坏性地震的孕震物理模型是会重复和再现的；提出了追踪地震前兆信息，循序渐进预报地震的分析方法，对地震预报的阶段性进行了实用性的划分，有希望实现对破坏性地震的预报。

关键词： 破坏性地震     孕震物理模型     临震信号     地震前兆    

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盐湖农业及其发展战略研究

孔凡晶,郑绵平,张洪霞,李真,王利伟

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第1期   页码 148-152 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.01.021

摘要：

我国是多盐湖国家，拥有丰富的盐沼带及咸水资源，发展盐湖农业对于荒漠化治理、生态环境保护，对发展西部落后地区经济，开拓具有干旱、半干旱地区特色农业，具有现实和长远战略意义。随着全球人口增长，粮食短缺，淡水资源缺乏，充分利用咸水资源及盐碱地资源发展盐湖农业对保障人类食品安全十分必要。本文梳理了近年来在盐湖农业方面的认识及发展成果，指出发展盐湖农业存在的问题，并提出把盐湖农业列入国家科技规划、对盐湖流域盐碱地进行功能区划等创新驱动盐湖农业发展建议。

关键词： 盐湖农业     盐湖生态系统盐     湖生物    

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Climate change and sandy land development in Qinghai Lake Watershed, China

SUN Yongliang, LI Xiaoyan, LIU Lianyou, XU Heye, ZHANG Dengshan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 340-348 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0045-5

摘要： The Qinghai Lake Watershed, containing the largest saline lake in northwest of China, has suffered from severe sandy land development in recent years. This paper analyzes its daily precipitation, temperature, and wind from 1958 to 2001, and the spatial and temporal distributions of sandy land through the interpretation of remote sensing images covering four years (1977, 1987, 2000, and 2004). Results showed that since the middle of the 1960s, the daily precipitation () of 0 < ≤ 5 mm decreased, while the > 20 mm increased significantly ( < 0.05) in their annual total amounts and days. The maximum daily precipitation also increased significantly. Both the maximum dry spell and the total dry spell of more than ten days had a significant upward trend. Since the beginning of the 1960s, all the extremely high, extremely low and mean temperatures increased significantly ( < 0.01), at a rate of 0.1°C/10a, 0.2°C/10a, and 0.2°C/10a, respectively. The days with extremely high temperature had a significant upward trend, while the days with extremely low temperature had a significant downward trend. The Qinghai Lake was significantly shrinking ( < 0.01) and provided abundant sediments for Aeolian erosion. The NNW wind prevailed in the watershed, and the largest scale wind was from the west and concentrated on the dry months. As a result, the sandy land was mainly born on the east bank of Qinghai Lake. The total sandy land area in the watershed had grown from 587.4 km, 660.7 km, 697.6 km to 805.8 km, accordingly, its area percentage growing from 2.0%, 2.2%, 2.4% to 2.7%, respectively.
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Role of rural solid waste management in non-point source pollution control of Dianchi Lake catchments

LU Wenjing, WANG Hongtao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 15-23 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0006-z

摘要： In recent years, with control of the main municipal and industrial point pollution sources and implementation of cleaning for some inner pollution sources in the water body, the discharge of point source pollution decreased gradually, while non-point source pollution has become increasingly distressing in Dianchi Lake catchments. As one of the major targets in non-point source pollution control, an integrated solid waste controlling strategy combined with a technological solution and management system was proposed and implemented based on the waste disposal situation and characteristics of rural solid waste in the demonstration area. As the key technology in rural solid waste treatment, both centralized plant-scale composting and a dispersed farmer-operated waste treating system showed promise in rendering timely benefits in efficiency, large handling capacity, high quality of the end product, as well as good economic return. Problems encountered during multi-substrates co-composting such as pathogens, high moisture content, asynchronism in the decomposition of different substrates, and low quality of the end product can all be tackled. 92.5% of solid waste was collected in the demonstration area, while the treating and recycling ratio reached 87.9%, which prevented 32.2 t nitrogen and 3.9 t phosphorus per year from entering the water body of Dianchi Lake after implementation of the project.
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湖泊底泥环境疏浚工程技术

刘鸿亮,金湘灿,荆一凤

《中国工程科学》 1999年 第1卷 第1期   页码 81-84

摘要：

论述了湖泊污染底泥的环境疏浚工程技术，这是一项当今世界上崭新环保工程技术，作者根据国内湖泊环境疏浚第一例工程的经验和实践，提出了环境疏浚工程技术，包括该技术与工程疏浚技术的区别，疏浚方案的制定，适用机械的选型比较，以及泥浆的脱水干化，余水处理等，同时还提出了防止二次污染的各种技术和措施，为我国湖泊污染治理提供了一个有效的污染底泥疏浚技术。

关键词： 湖泊底泥     环境     疏浚     新技术    

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SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION OF WATER QUALITY AND ALGAL BIOMASS IN ERHAI LAKE AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 566-578 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023520

摘要：

Elucidating the spatiotemporal pattern of water quality and algal biomass is crucial for accurately tracing pollution sources and reducing the risk of algal blooms in lake systems. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal variability of water quality and algal biomass in Erhai Lake from 1994 to 2021 using water quality index (WQI), Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope combined methods. The potential causes of water quality deterioration and algal biomass dynamics were also elucidated. The results showed that the historical changes in the water environment of Erhai Lake mainly had three stages: satisfactory (1994‒2001), deteriorating (2002‒2010) and improving (2011‒2021). The changes in water quality and algal biomass were primarily affected by total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand in different stages. The water environment of Erhai Lake is currently improving significantly, starting in the southern area that is furthest from the sources of agricultural pollution, especially in summer and autumn. This is attributed to the implementation of control measures resulting in lower pollutant loads at particular times and places. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to promote standardized livestock farming, to strengthen rural wastewater collection and to investigate measures such as the interruption of the endogenous cycle.

关键词： Erhai Lake     control measures     water environment     water quality index (WQI)    

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Human health ambient water quality criteria for 13 heavy metals and health risk assessment in Taihu Lake

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1475-6

摘要：

• The concentrations of 13 heavy metals in Taihu Lake were analyzed.

关键词： Heavy metals     Human health ambient water quality criteria     Taihu Lake     Health risk assessment     Contribution rate    

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Assessment on contaminations in sediments of an intake and the inflow canals in Taihu Lake, China

Xiaolong WANG,Shiming DING,Qi ZHANG,Weiping HU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 665-674 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0701-x

摘要： As the second largest freshwater lake in China, Taihu Lake provides water supply to approximately 32 million inhabitants around the lake. However, dramatically increased pollution has threatened the safety of drinking water supply in recent years. In the present study, we investigated the contaminations of nutrients and heavy metals in the sediments of an intake and inflow canals in Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake. Moreover, we also examined the impact of human activities on spatial distribution characteristics of contaminations. Our results showed that the intake presented relatively lower concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen compared with inflow canals. However, the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in the sediments of the intake exceeded the lowest effect level (LEL) values, indicating a potential risk to drinking water resource. In addition, the concentrations of Ni in the sediments of Tianji Canal and Jinshu Canal exceeded the severe effect level (SEL) value. More importantly, the concentrations of Cu in the sediments of Tianji Canal exceeded three times of the SEL value. Multivariate statistical analysis confirmed that the domestic sewage primarily contributed to the nutrient accumulation, and the leakage of electronic trash dominated the enrichment of metals in the sediments. Taken together, more effort should be made to ensure the security of water resources in Taihu Lake, especially for the treatment of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater.

关键词： drinking water resource     nutrients     heavy metals     sediments     Taihu Lake    

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Industrial Greening of the Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone

Da-yuan Li,Min Huang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第3期   页码 228-233 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015047

摘要： Extensive industrial development is a major challenge to ecological civilization construction. Industrial energy consumption and environmental pollution reduction are desperately needed. The Dongting Lake district, located in Wuhan and the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan (CZT) pilot zone, bears the responsibility to ensure national food security and watershed ecological security, and it is an urgent need for the Dongting Lake district to accept the ecological transition of industries. On the analysis of the industrial development status and problems of the Dongting Lake district, some proposals based on the characteristics and reality of the district are pointed out, such as industrial cooperation, proper space layout, ecological innovation, industrial structure upgrading, building of ecological parks, clean production, elimination of backward production capacity, heavy metals governance and so on, as to develop the industrial ecology of the Dongting Lake district.

关键词： industrial greening     changing patterns of development     ecological civilization     regional collaboration     the Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone    

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AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT IN THE ERHAI LAKE BASIN—THE WAY FORWARD

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 510-517 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023524

摘要：

Pollution of high-altitude lake basins by agriculture and rural activities, and the control of this pollution, have received increasing attention from academic research and government policy in China. Series of restrictions and regulations have been implemented to protect the surface water quality. These restrictions and regulations have greatly impacted and transformed the agricultural systems and rural livelihoods surrounding these lake basins. Using Erhai Lake basin in Yunnan Province as a case study, three main challenges were identified for concurrently decreasing pollution in the lake and increasing farmer income. It is contended that scientifically-sound environmental protection policies and agricultural green development practices are key to reversing the current situation. This will help to protect the lake from pollution while smallholder farmers will be able to produce healthy food in an environmentally sustainable manner, and with a fair remuneration for all the services farmers provide to the society.

关键词： agriculture     farmer income     nitrogen     phosphorus     water pollution    

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Field experiment on biological contact oxidation process to treat polluted river water in the Dianchi Lake

Lu LI, Shuguang XIE, Hui ZHANG, Donghui WEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 38-47 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0007-6

摘要： In this study two types of biological contact oxidation processes (BCOP), a step-feed (SBCOP) unit and an inter-recycle (IBCOP) unit, were designed to investigate the treatment of heavily polluted river water. The Daqing River, which is the largest pollutant contributor to the Dianchi Lake, one of the most eutrophic freshwater lakes in China, was taken for the case study. It was found that the SBCOP had higher adaptability and better performance in the reduction of COD, TN, and TP, which made it applicable for the treatment of polluted river water entering the Dianchi Lake. Nitrification rate was observed to be greatly affected by the influent temperature. During each season, the nitrification in the SBCOP was higher than that in the IBCOP. TN removal efficiency in the SBCOP was higher than that in the IBCOP during the winter and spring but poorer during the summer, possibly due to the inhibition of denitrification by higher dissolved oxygen level in the summer. Moreover, symbiotic algae-bacteria growth may be conducive to the removal of pollutants.

关键词： step-feed biological contact oxidation process (SBCOP)     inter-recycle biological contact oxidation process (IBCOP)     river water     removal efficiency     nitrogen transformation     the Dianchi Lake watershed    

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Temporal changes in the characteristics of algae in Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, China

Ruixia SHEN,Chunyan TIAN,Zhidan LIU,Yuanhui ZHANG,Baoming LI,Haifeng LU,Na DUAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第3期   页码 266-275 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015064

摘要： Algal blooms have become a worldwide environmental concern due to water eutrophication. Dianchi Lake in Yunnan Province, China is suffering from severe eutrophication and is listed in the Three Important Lakes Restoration Act of China. Hydrothermal liquefaction allows a promising and direct conversion of algal biomass into biocrude oil. In this study, algal samples were collected from Dianchi Lake after a separation procedure including dissolved air flotation with polyaluminum chloride and centrifugation during four months, April, June, August and October. The algal biochemical components varied over the period; lipids from 0.7% to 2.1% ash-free dry weight (afdw), protein from 20.9% to 33.4% afdw and ash from 36.6% to 45.2% dry weight. The algae in June had the highest lipid and protein concentrations, leading to a maximum biocrude oil yield of 24.3% afdw. Biodiversity analysis using pyrosequencing revealed different distributions of microbial communities, specifically in April (89.0%), June (63.7%) and August (84.0%), and in April (2.2%), June (12.0%) and August (1.0%). This study demonstrated remarkable temporal changes in the biochemical composition and biodiversity of algae harvested from Dianchi Lake and changes in biocrude oil production potential.

关键词： algal blooms     temporal change     biochemical property     biodiversity     hydrothermal liquefaction    

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Effects of environmental factors on the production and release of matrix-bound phosphine from lake sediments

GENG Jinju, WANG Qiang, WANG Xiaorong, NIU Xiaojun

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 120-124 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0022-4

摘要： Effects of pH, temperature, and oxygen on the production and release of phosphine in eutrophic lake sediments were investigated under laboratory tests. Results indicated that the elimination of matrix-bound phosphine was accelerated under initial pH 1 or 12. Phosphine levels could reach maximum under initial pH 10. The contents of phosphine increased with the addition of alkali under pH 4 12. The rates of phosphine production and release from lake sediments varied with temperature. 20?C was the most favorable temperature for the production of matrix-bound phosphine. Oxygen showed little effect on matrix-bound phosphine. Matrix-bound phosphine concentrations in lake sediments were concluded to be dependent on a balance of natural generation and depletion processes.
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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Necessity of integrated methodology for hazard mitigation of quake lakes: case study of the Wenchuan

Xudong FU, Fan LIU, Guangqian WANG, Wenjie XU, Jianxin ZHANG

期刊论文

Organophosphate esters in sediment from Taihu Lake, China: Bridging the gap between riverine sourcesand lake sinks

期刊论文

破坏性地震是可以预测的——孕震物理模型及临震信号

孙威

期刊论文

盐湖农业及其发展战略研究

孔凡晶,郑绵平,张洪霞,李真,王利伟

期刊论文

Climate change and sandy land development in Qinghai Lake Watershed, China

SUN Yongliang, LI Xiaoyan, LIU Lianyou, XU Heye, ZHANG Dengshan

期刊论文

Role of rural solid waste management in non-point source pollution control of Dianchi Lake catchments

LU Wenjing, WANG Hongtao

期刊论文

湖泊底泥环境疏浚工程技术

刘鸿亮,金湘灿,荆一凤

期刊论文

SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION OF WATER QUALITY AND ALGAL BIOMASS IN ERHAI LAKE AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

期刊论文

Human health ambient water quality criteria for 13 heavy metals and health risk assessment in Taihu Lake

期刊论文

Assessment on contaminations in sediments of an intake and the inflow canals in Taihu Lake, China

Xiaolong WANG,Shiming DING,Qi ZHANG,Weiping HU

期刊论文

Industrial Greening of the Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone

Da-yuan Li,Min Huang

期刊论文

AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT IN THE ERHAI LAKE BASIN—THE WAY FORWARD

期刊论文

Field experiment on biological contact oxidation process to treat polluted river water in the Dianchi Lake

Lu LI, Shuguang XIE, Hui ZHANG, Donghui WEN

期刊论文

Temporal changes in the characteristics of algae in Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, China

Ruixia SHEN,Chunyan TIAN,Zhidan LIU,Yuanhui ZHANG,Baoming LI,Haifeng LU,Na DUAN

期刊论文

Effects of environmental factors on the production and release of matrix-bound phosphine from lake sediments

GENG Jinju, WANG Qiang, WANG Xiaorong, NIU Xiaojun

期刊论文